Saturday, February 7, 2015

SNL Weekend Update - Episode 3: A New Hope

It appears that the people of SNL read the blogs of high school students looking for class credit. I have determined this based on the simple fact that JEBIDIAH ATKINSON RETURNED TO THE WEEKEND UPDATE! The SNL Episode of January 31, hosted by JK Simmons, featured one of the better Weekend Update installments in recent memory. It was certainly a better segment than that of January 24, with the awful Riblet. This segment brought the edginess and humor sorely missing from the previous episodes’ Weekend Updates. Let’s dive right in.

Now, if you read my previous blog post, you may remember that I was lamenting the fact that the Weekend Update was not funny anymore; that the sketch had lost its edginess that so often before had brought humor. Previous weeks had seen the Weekend Update refusing to make fun of celebrities and powerful people, perhaps to be politically correct. But this refusal left the Update seeming too “safe” for lack of a better term. The jokes had been unfunny, the delivery flat, and the audience reaction awkward.

However, the most recent episode righted these wrongs with hilarious jokes, funny guest characters, and surprisingly competent delivery by Colin Jost and Michael Che. The jokes were actually funny this time, aside from the guests, because they were well-written. Here are a couple of my favorites:

“A new report shows that half the dogs in the U.S. are overweight, which explains why the most popular breed in America is the ‘Type-2 DiaBeagle.’” (Insert funny picture of fat beagle)

(About making stamps for lesser-known African-American heroes for Black History Month) “There’s a stamp for Crispus Attucks, the first American to die in the Revolutionary War, but what about a stamp for Crispus Attucks’ mother: the first black woman to name her son Crispus?”

“Disney this week unveiled Elena, its first Latina princess. Oh sure, but when I call someone a ‘Latina Princess’ I’m ‘ruining the quinceañera.’”

“People fled a courtroom in Arkansas after more than 30 bats flew inside during the trial. ‘Ugghh, that does NOT look good for me,’ said the woman on trial for witchcraft.”

“A cat, who was buried by its owner after it was hit by a car, dug its way out of the grave and returned to its owner five days later. That story again: a lady found a cat that looked like her old cat.”

This dog here is Cowboy, and he's no Type-2 DiaBeagle!

Interestingly, these jokes were all said after the first guest, and I chose these ones because those before the first guest were not very funny. These jokes listed above I liked for multiple reasons. First of all, my family owns two beagles named Dallas and Cowboy. (*Prepares for onslaught of Dallas Cowboys-haters in the comments section) These beagles are adorable little creatures who are quite plump, I must say, so a joke about beagles would naturally appeal to me. Also, I am a fan of stupid puns, and this pun was quite stupid, so it gets points in my book. I thought it was funny how Michael Che brought up that Crispus Attucks’ mother deserved a stamp for something as trivial as naming her child. The Disney/Latina joke was funny, partially because of Michael Che’s reaction “How many quinceañeras are you going to, man?” The bat joke was just plain funny to me. No further explanation needed. And finally, the cat joke, while somewhat cruel, got me laughing for a few reasons. 1: “The Simpsons” features a “crazy cat lady” character, and “The Office” features Angela, a character who owns many cats and is slightly insane. These have popularized an idea that cat-owners are crazy. 2: The story itself is insane, so no punchline is needed, but the given punchline is plain funny. 3: I am not a cat person. So jokes about cats make me laugh. For example, the Steve Martin movie “The Jerk” features a horrific practice called “cat-juggling” which you can view right here if you so desire.


These jokes, as I stated previously, were after the first guest, who was quite funny. Cecily Strong portrayed “A One-Dimensional Female Character From a Male-Driven Comedy,” and through this portrayal, the audience was able to witness an entire cookie-cutter love story. AODFCFAMDC (A One-Dimensional Female Character From a Male-Driven Comedy) is a character who is unique because she is pretty, but likes sports! She makes this distinction by wearing a pink football jersey. She has a personality, and isn’t your run-of-the-mill female character, because she wears GLASSES. Heather, as she calls herself, decides spur-of-the-moment to go out with Colin Jost, who obviously is confused and baffled. She says he needs to grow up, then describes a story of the two of them at a lunch party when he embarrassed her in an 8 thousand dollar dress. After a confused Jost asks who her pick for the Super Bowl is, she stunningly reveals that she is pregnant. She then gets mad at him (in a bland way) for getting thrown in jail. Jost proclaims he has no idea what she’s talking about, causing her to cry at the thought of him running away until he says he is baffled and had no intention of making her cry. Heather then forgives him, saying he has grown up, and then she lets Jost hold his baby, which is an obvious doll. He seems genuinely touched and hopeful until he realizes something shocking. “Wait a second, is this the baby from ‘American Sniper?’” Then she leaves him, after being mad about him leaving her. It’s confusing.


Cecily Strong as "A One Dimensional Female..." well you can read the picture. 

Anyway, so what was it about AODFCFAMDC that made her segment so funny? For one, she breaks down common clichés of female characters in comedies: being one-dimensional, special because of like of sports, feeling superior to men who “need to grow up,” and automatically forgiving said men after an apology. Now, I could list off movies that she was referring to, but to be quite honest, I haven’t watched too many male-driven comedies with one-dimensional female characters. So I won’t. You can figure out those movies for yourself, okay? Okay, moving on. Cecily Strong is one of the funnier cast members on SNL right now, and this segment proved it, with her absent-minded character stringing along an incomprehensible narrative during a segment about Super Bowl picks. I mean, she had a baby in like 2 minutes? Get out of here! But the baby was actually the funniest part of the segment for me. “American Sniper” is the highest-grossing movie in America right now, and I must say, it is a really good movie. You should all go see it. I would review it here, but this is not a movie review blog. Though I may start a blog for movie reviews now that I think about it… STAY FOCUSED KYLE!

Sorry about that.

Anyway, “American Sniper” includes scenes of the main character, Chris Kyle, and his baby, which is known to have been a prop in the movie instead of a real baby. So Colin Jost’s reaction “Is this the baby from ‘American Sniper’” is hilarious for making fun of that widely-known fact. And if you did not already know that fact, now you do. Congratulations you learned something new!


American Sniper's fake baby, which you can clearly see here is a doll.

“American Sniper” has been nominated for multiple Oscars this year, which is good, because the movie is much better than the nominees of last year, which were mercilessly made fun of by our good friend Jebidiah Atkinson. He is the harshest critic around, as he has been around to witness every speech, Christmas Special, Oscar Nominee, play, and as of January 31, Grammy Nominee. After Colin Jost’s cat joke, Michael Che brought in Jebidiah Atkinson to review this year’s Grammy Nominees, or as Jebidiah puts it “A night-long tribute to the Spotify playlist of a 12 year old girl!” After getting the audience prepared for hilarity, Atkinson goes on to wish he lived in the soundless vacuum of space and then discusses the songs themselves.


"Hall And Oates? The most talented member of that group is the 'And!' NEXT!"

“Meghan Trainor? She’s all about that bass, ‘bout that bass, no talent!”

He goes on to tell U2 “I still haven’t found what I’m looking for: a way to delete your album!” This is in reference to U2’s album being automatically put on new iPhones from the Cloud, I guess (I’m an Android user). Not content with simply that funny comment, Atkinson answered Bono’s question: “Without you.”

Atkinson then moves on to Iggy Azalea, telling her to wake up, smell the Azaleas, and realize that she’s white. If you think that’s insulting, don’t shoot me, I’m just the messenger. And don’t you worry, that’s just the tip of the iceberg with Atkinson.

He goes on to discuss classic Grammy Nominees. I won’t discuss all his jokes (some are a bit too insulting) but just talk about the funniest.

“Celine Dion? Someone turn her Celine Di-off!” He talks about her song featured in “Titanic” called “My Heart Will Go On.” “This song is a bigger disaster than the actual Titanic!” He says then “If you ask me, there were too many lifeboats.” After some jeers, he says “Save it, that’s just the tip of the iceberg!”


"The Beatles? If anything, they ruined Yoko! NEXT!"

Later: “Frank Sinatra. His only decent hits were the ones the mafia did for him!”

Then, Atkinson discusses the worst nominee ever, Elvis, and this is where his jokes get so terrible that I will not fully state them. He jokes about Elvis’ affinity for capes and drugs, then his juvenile lyrics, then Michael Jackson. In what context did Atkinson refer to Jackson? I’d rather not say, but you can find out for yourself if you really wish to.

Last week I voiced my disappointment in the Weekend Update for its lack of edge and unwillingness to insult the famous. Well, it seems that the writers, producers, and actors of SNL heard me loud and clear, since they brought in Jebidiah Atkinson to make fun of the Grammy Nominees. I had said that a few good men and women could save the Weekend Update, and they have. Taran Killam as Jebidiah Atkinson and Cecily Strong as A One-Dimensional Female Character From a Male-Driven Comedy bring in the humor and make this Weekend Update segment one of the best in recent memory. If the writing can continue with good jokes and the guests can be half as funny as Atkinson, then the Update can be saved.


The Charlie Brown kids look at the tree with hope. The tree is the Weekend Update and it has hope now that Jebidiah Atkinson has returned to set the standard for the Update's humor.

Now, there will not be a new episode this Saturday (February 7) but they will show a classic episode hosted by Patrick Swayze. I will likely review that rerun, or discuss other popular Weekend Update moments from the past. Now, if you have any comments, questions, concerns, suggestions, rants, or anything else to say, please say it in the comments. I want to know what you all think of my blog, so please let me know. Also, I would like to hear what you think about the most recent Weekend Update. Was Jebidiah Atkinson too harsh about Elvis and Michael Jackson? Is this too edgy or not edgy enough? And now, in the immortal words of Jebidiah Atkinson: “NEXT!”

Sources (Raise you hand if you actually click on these)

Saturday, January 31, 2015

A Few Good Men Could Save The Weekend Update, But We’re Stuck With Jost and Che


The Weekend Update is the longest-running sketch in Saturday Night Live’s forty-year history; it has been there since the very beginning. Throughout this history, the Weekend Update has been consistently funny, with biting commentary on the issues of the times. The hosts have been known for their humorous observations about the events of the week, with various guests that are quite random and funny. The Weekend Update, has been, in short, hilarious for as long as it has been on air.

Unfortunately, the Weekend Update seems to have lost all that. Or perhaps it has just forgotten. That the Weekend Update hosts are still pioneers; that the Weekend Update has barely begun; that its greatest accomplishments cannot be behind it. That  the Update’s destiny lies above it.
The Update's destiny lies above it.

(Here’s for those of you who don’t get that semi-obscure reference.  https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3WzHXI5HizQ)

(A quick side-note: the whole idea of quoting a monologue but changing some of its words to serve one’s own purposes will not be confined to here, but will be seen later on in the post. So sit on the edge of your seat; this is going to be an adventure!)

Now, in my “About Me” page, which I’m sure like three of you readers have read, I warned that if the Weekend Update was particularly forgettable or terrible, I would not blog about it because honestly, it’s not worth it. And unfortunately, that’s the case right now. In my last post, I said I would blog about the Weekend Update on January 17. Now, since I wrote that post, two Updates have taken place (perhaps three, depending on when this gets posted on the line). So I’m playing a bit of catch-up, discussing two Updates today. Well, neither update, on January 17 and January 24, was funny. It pains me to say this, because I very much enjoy SNL, and the Weekend Update has generally been my favorite part of SNL.

Not today.

Each Weekend Update segment takes about ten minutes, give or take a minute or two, because of the many news stories to cover and possible guest appearances by off-the-wall characters. So, two Weekend Updates add up to cover about twenty minutes, right? You’re following the math here? So in about twenty minutes (21:21 to be exact) the Weekend Update caused me to chuckle once. Once, just a chuckle. Twenty-one minutes is about how long a sitcom is without commercials! In the same amount of time as an entire sitcom, the Weekend Update didn’t even make me laugh! Now, I know some of you may be thinking “Oh, that author is just stating his opinion. He just has a different sense of humor, you know? This comedy isn’t for him!” Well, let me tell you, reader with that opinion, that I have been watching the Weekend Update for years now, and I have seen the great anchors. The Weekend Update has consistently been my favorite portion of the entire show! I very much enjoy that type of humor: the satirical take on the news with hilarious guests. My favorite SNL character of all time – Jebidiah Atkinson – came from the Weekend Update. I am a fan of the Update, and I love the humor, but not this. This isn’t even funny anymore. Most of the jokes and guests were cringe-inducing, from “Pete Davidson” to Riblet, Michael Che’s “old friend from high school.” I only chuckled because of the irony of what Michael Che said to Riblet, who was trying to steal Che’s “jorb.” After Riblet read an unfunny Update joke, Che said “That was pretty good, but there’s a lot more to this job.”
Riblet invades the Weekend Update to steal Che's "jorb"
Is there Michael? I feel like you should give that advice to Colin Jost, and then consider it yourself. Perhaps the part of their job that these anchors are missing is BEING FUNNY. Michael Che is doing a decent job; he has personality when he tells his jokes and has at least something resembling a delivery. Colin Jost, on the other hand, sounds like he is just reading from a script for the first time. He tries to be a host who delivers jokes with “dry humor,” but he just fails at that. He seems to be trying to emulate Seth Meyers instead of being original and unique. A new anchor is supposed to bring something new to the table (or desk, in this case) but neither Colin Jost nor Michael Che is doing that. Instead, they are simply reading unfunny jokes with forgettable delivery that leaves you thinking: when will they bring back Jebidiah Atkinson? Where is Seth Myers, and where is Norm Macdonald?
"Replace" as in "Try to be the exact same as, but fail to be even close to as funny as"
Now, I am not saying the Weekend Update is hopeless. I will admit, I did smile at Riblet’s microphone drop after saying that Michael Che lost his job (if only it was true, and it was about Colin Jost instead, but one can only dream). There is hope. The Weekend Update did something new this past week by having an ongoing story with a twist ending. Riblet interrupted Michael Che’s “jokes” to try and steal his “jorb” and then left. Later, Che’s “ex-girlfried” came on the show to talk about finances, and the ex-couple argued until it was revealed that her new boyfriend was Riblet, who reappeared and dropped another microphone. This didn’t get me to laugh, but it did show an ounce of creativity. If the Weekend Update can stop trying to be nice to celebrities and politicians and start to be edgy, if the Weekend Update can re-introduce creative characters and have decent delivery of jokes, if the Weekend Update can be creative and introduce something new to the table, then maybe it can be worthwhile to watch again.

But until then, we are stuck with Colin Jost – an attempted Seth Meyers clone – and Michael Che – a somewhat enthusiastic host given bad material. What the Update needs is a few good men (and women) to introduce creativity, both in writing and in guest characters. Then maybe, just maybe, Colin Jost can unenthusiastically deliver decent jokes and Michael Che might be able to get some laughs out of this uninterested blogger (and many fans as well). What the Update needs is to be able to intelligently and hilariously comment on current events and not be afraid to insult people in power. I’m not saying that all of SNL has lost this ability, I’m just saying that the Weekend Update has, and it must regain that ability.
"The Wishing Boooot! The real Wishing Boooot! The whole dang time that dog had been the Boot!"

SNL as a whole can still be a very funny show. The January 24 episode, hosted by Blake Shelton, had some hilarious moments, both related to current events and to current trends. Blake Shelton, a country singer, sang with two other SNL cast members (Aidy Bryant and the always hilarious Kate McKinnon) about the “Wishing Boot.” This song was hilarious, as it made fun of country music, was self-aware (a country singer making fun of his own music), and was surprisingly catchy. I have had the song stuck in my head for a week now, and let me say, it puts me in a good mood to think that if I’m in a time of trouble the Wishing Boot will appear and solve all my problems. (It’s ridiculous but hilarious at the same time.) See: a current trend made fun of in a hilarious satirical way. SNL has not lost that ability.
Dougie Spoons sings Tom Brady's praises before turning into Jack Nicholson.
Perhaps even funnier was the Cold Open of the episode, which is just the first sketch one sees when the episode starts. A very heated topic today is the “Deflate-Gate” scandal of the New England Patriots supposedly deflating footballs in the AFC championship game in order to gain an advantage and go to the Super Bowl. The Cold Open featured cast members impersonating Coach Bill Belichick, Quarterback Tom Brady, and Assistant Equipment Co Manager Dougie Spoons. Belichick, portrayed by Beck Bennett, was shown to be a grumpy ruthless head coach, kind of like the real Bill Belichick. Tom Brady, portrayed by the hilarious Jebidiah Atkinson-portraying Taran Killam, was shown to be completely clueless and stupid, which was quite funny to see. This Tom Brady could make a fun guest on the Update. And finally, Dougie Spoons, portrayed by Bobby Moynihan (Riblet), was shown to be the guilty party with aspirations of Tom Brady being the father of his child. In perhaps the funniest SNL segment since Dr. Evil interrupted a depressed Sam Smith, Dougie Spoons was interrogated by a reporter about deflating the footballs, and he went on a monologue ripped straight from Jack Nicholson’s famous “A Few Good Men” speech. Spoons said “You don’t want the truth because deep down in places you don’t talk about at Super Bowl parties, you want me on that ball! You need me on that ball!” Then Spoons screamed that he deflated the footballs. What made this funny was the fact that SNL commented on current events with hilarious characters, clever writing, and perfect delivery. The Weekend Update should take notes, because THAT is how comedy is done.

Jack Nicholson: the original monologue-ing man who indicts himself because he's angry.

Next week I will comment on the episode of January 31, hosted by JK Simmons, and hopefully I will be able to talk about the Weekend Update in a positive light. If you have any comments, questions, disagreements, agreements, or monologues, just type them in the comments section. Since it will be a week until I discuss that episode, feel free to let me know what you think I should discuss about the episode in my next blog. I am always looking for constructive criticism, so if you have anything to say about my writing style, topic, anger, blog design, or pictures in the post, please do not hesitate to say it to my face for no credit or put it in the comments for class credit. And, to conclude in the immortal words of like every SNL cast member ever: “Live from New York it’s Saturday Night!”

Sources (In case you wanted to know for personal gain)

Sunday, January 25, 2015

5 Paragraphs Of 4 Decades Summed Up By 3 Moments 2Day On My Blog #1


Saturday Night Live is a legend in our culture, and one of its most popular and long-running facets is the Weekend Update. For those of you who do not know, the Weekend Update is a satirical take on the news in which jokes are made about different stories through guest characters, clever punchlines, and moments of awkward silence. Over its 40 years, the Weekend Update has had many memorable and hilarious moments. So in my inaugural post, I shall list and discuss my three favorite Weekend Update moments.

1. Jebidiah Atkinson Reviews Oscar Contestants
“I haven’t liked any best picture nominees ever!”
In 2013 SNL debuted a new character named Jebidiah Atkinson, a 19th century newspaper critic famous for criticizing Abraham Lincoln’s Gettysburg Address, calling it a forgettable speech in a terrible location with bad acoustics. His popularity earned him three more appearances on the Weekend Update, one of which was the most memorable for myself. On March 2, 2014, SNL’s Weekend Update featured Jebediah Atkinson, just as Oscar season was getting underway. This time, Atkinson went about attacking the year’s Best Picture nominees. In his own words, “I’m not impressed!” He called the Oscars 86 years of misery and went on to badmouth many prestigious films. An interesting note: the first Oscar ceremony was in 1929, but honored films from 1927. This means that his claim of 86 years is not true of the awards ceremony, but of the movies featured in the ceremony. Anyway, Atkinson began by discussing movies such as Her, Dallas Buyers Club, and Gravity . About Her he said that even the main character spent the whole movie texting. About Gravity, Atkinson said “if I wanted to watch a depressed middle aged woman float around for 90 minutes I would go to the YMCA pool!” A bit harsh, don’t you think? But he didn’t stop there; he went on to trash The Godfather, Schindler’s List, Citizen Kane, and Forrest Gump. About Forrest Gump Atkinson said that he wished he was Lieutenant Dan’s legs since they got to leave early. Lieutenant Dan’s character lost his legs and this was portrayed using CGI to digitally erase the legs (as discussed in an LA Times Article). Overall, this was one of the funniest characters that I have witnessed on the Weekend Update, due to his clever and somewhat controversial jokes. Also, Taran Killam’s portrayal of the crazed critic was (and is) perfection, with hilarious improvisation – especially when he threw a seemingly magical notecard that landed right back on his other cards, causing him to joke about the quality of live television. This was by far the most memorable part of the Weekend Update that week on SNL, and it will likely remain one of the most hilarious Weekend Update segments ever. In the immortal words of Jebidiah Atkinson: “NEXT!!!”

2. Adam Sandler’s Hanukkah Song
 “So if you feel like the only kid in town

Without a Christmas tree

Here’s a list of people who are Jewish

Just like you and meeee!!!!”

In his famous song of December 3, 1994, Adam Sandler looked to include all Jewish kids who may have felt left out by Christmas celebrations. He gracefully showed that Judaism is NOT something to be ashamed about, as many celebrities share that trait with Jewish kids. He sang that “you can spin your dreidel with Captain Kirk and Mr. Spock. Both Jewish!” In fact, William Shatner and Leonard Nimoy, the actors for the roles of the time, are both Jewish.  The current actor of Captain Kirk, Chris Pine, is partially Jewish but the current Spock actor is not, so children of today may be confused, but that’s a different issue. Anyway, Sandler listed more celebrities like James Caan, Paul Newman, Goldie Hawn, Harrison Ford, and Tom Cruise. Interestingly, he said “Tom Cruise isn’t (Jewish) but I think his agent is!” It is true that Tom Cruise is not Jewish, so Sandler’s claims seem to be legitimate. And this legitimacy makes the song so funny, even today. Adam Sandler crafted a unique holiday song that shows that many people share a common trait, so it’s nothing to be ashamed of. Near the end of the song, he discouraged smoking “Marijuanakah,” which sends a good message: do not do drugs or you may not even be able to pronounce them correctly. He included Jewish kids and ended the song by wishing all a Happy Hanukkah. So, to conclude: the song is pro-Jewish kids and anti-drugs; it kills two birds with one entertaining and hilarious stone. If that’s not a memorable, hilarious moment on the Weekend Update, I don’t know what is.

3. Germans Love David Hasselhoff
“Germans love me.”
Norm MacDonald is arguably the best Weekend Update anchor ever, due to his dry delivery and borderline offensive jokes. Well, not necessarily borderline… he really offended people and ended up getting fired for offensive O.J. Simpson jokes. MacDonald had many ongoing jokes throughout his SNL run, one of which was his “theory” that Germans love David Hasselhoff. During many stories that related to Germany, David Hasselhoff, or BayWatch (Hasselhoff’s show), MacDonald would conclude by saying: “which once again proves my theory that Germans love David Hasselhoff.” On November 19, 1994, David Hasselhoff actually appeared on the Weekend Update to discuss a tour he took to many countries around the world. Naturally, MacDonald asked Hasselhoff how people of various countries reacted to him, and Hasselhoff responded by describing China and then Japan. MacDonald, clearly frustrated that his theory was not being proven, limited Hasselhoff to discussing Northern Europe and the countries that specifically loved him. Hasselhoff responded with Norway, and MacDonald cut him off, determined to prove his theory! He specifically asked about Germany, and as Hasselhoff struggled to give a clear answer, MacDonald interrupted him (again), described a nameless guy with a theory, pulled out a gigantic stack of papers as evidence of the theory, and asked Hasselhoff  for the courtesy of not ruining the guy’s life. A confused Hasselhoff was then given a slip of paper by MacDonald and read it aloud: “Germans love me.” Norm concluded, happily, with “Which once again proves my theory that Germans love David Hasselhoff!” This was a classic moment, and is a personal favorite of mine, because it was the culmination of a long-running gag. The buildup to this moment was incredible, with countless references to MacDonald’s “theory” throughout his time as the anchor. This all ended with an epic conclusion, as the subject of the jokes “confirmed” the “theory” in a hilarious exchange. This was classic moment of the Weekend Update because it was essentially a long-running buildup with an epic punchline.



So there you have it: my three favorite Weekend Update moments not ranked in order of favorite-to-least favorite, but instead shown in reverse-chronological order. These moments for me were truly hilarious and quite inspirational. I will never watch my favorite movies the same way again, nor think of Germany or the Christmas season the same way again. Now, if you have any disagreements with my SUBJECTIVE list, then please let me know in the comments. And I would like you to share: what is your favorite SNL Weekend Update moment? Next week I will take a look at the Weekend Update of the episode on January 17, so please check that out as soon as I post it. And hey, guess what? This is my first blog post! Hooray! Now, I'm new to this, so if you have any suggestions for me to improve my blog posts, blog design, writing, topics, etc... LET ME KNOW! I want to know what you all think of this blog so please put any suggestions and/or criticism in the comments below. But please, do not insult other people in the comments, because that could get ugly. Let's keep it civil here, alright? So that's about it. To conclude, in the immortal words of one of the Weekend Update anchors (Colin Quinn?): “That’s my story, and I’m sticking to it.”

(1,335 words FYI)
Sources (in case you wanted to know):